Monetary Economics - 2174 Words

THE UNIVERSITY OF DODOMA A RESEARCH PROPOSAL ON THE TOPIC Factors influencing Tanzania devaluation policy in its international trade BY NYERERE, LAZARO – T/UDOM/2010/03542 Table of Contents 1. INTRODUCTION 2 1.1. Background Information 2 1.2. Statement of the Problem 3 1.3. Justification of the Study 3 1.4. Overall Objective 4 1.5. Specific Objectives 4 1.6. Research Questions 4 1.7. Significance of the Study 4 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 5 2.1 Exchange rate analysis 5 2.2 The nominal effective exchange rate 6 2.3 The real effective exchange rate 6 3. METHODOLOGY 6 3.1 Methods of Data Collection 6 3.2 Methods of Data Analysis 6 3.2.1 Factors affecting balance of payments 6 RESEARCH BUDGET†¦show more content†¦These developments forced some of the exporters to sell the stocks at a loss, hence jeopardizing the ability to service their bank loans. Furthermore farmers with unsold crop could not find buyers as companies suspended crop purchase operations (BOT, 2010). 1.4. Overall Objective The overall objective of the study will be to analyze factors influencing Tanzania devaluation policy in its international trade. 1.5. Specific Objectives * To identify the major economic sectors connecting Tanzania and the rest of the world. * To analyze the performance of the central bank in the foreign trade negotiations. * To access the welfare changes of the Tanzanians following the success of the policy. 1.6. Research Questions * What are major economic sectors connecting Tanzania and the rest of the world? * What are the performances of the central bank in the foreign trade negotiations? * How will the welfare of Tanzanians be when the devaluation policy successive? 1.7. Significance of the Study The primary significance of the study is to all actors in the devaluation policy in Tanzania. Analysis of the whole system and identifying clearly the challenges will benefit policy makers and implementers in indicating the area of advantage for what should be done to improve the wellbeing of Tanzanians. The other benefitShow MoreRelatedEconomic Variables And Monetary Policy1478 Words   |  6 PagesAs was mentioned above rising in oil prices influence the increase in inflation. And it is big dilemma for monetary policy, because arise a question what should central banks do? Should they tighten monetary policy to correct the effects of oil prices increases and prevent inflation? Or they should take in oil prices increases with easy monetary policy to support growth of output and employment. In this situation, central banks have these two main problems. The point is that central banks can doRead MoreMonetary Policy On Economic Prosperity Essay1679 Words   |  7 Pages MONETARY POLICY CHANNELS BY MARTIN RIITHO MAINA KCA 14/02073 Term Paper submitted to Dr. G. 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The Reasons Why Some Thinkers Rejected the Cosmological...

The Reasons Why Some Thinkers Rejected the Cosmological Argument Aquinas’s argument was as follows: If the universe was infinite, it would have an infinite number of days. The end of an infinite series of days can never be reached, so today would never arrive. However, today has arrived, so the past cannot be infinite. Time began when the universe began, which was an event. Events are caused; therefore there must have been a first cause. This first cause was God. Tennant said there are things in the world which are contingent. These are might not have beens because they might have not existed. Secondly, The world is a real or imagined totality of individual objects, none of which contain†¦show more content†¦The idea that the universe was created by natural causes, such as a large explosion, is considered frequently, but thinkers and philosophers would then argue that the explosion could have been as a result of a divine being, who wished it to happen, and this was simply its way of completing its task. However, amongst all the supporting theories for the Cosmological argument, and all those who supported it, there are also many critics and conflicting ideologies. Many thinkers have rejected the Cosmological argument. Firstly, possibly the most influential and studied critic of the Cosmological argument was David Hume. In Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion (1779) Hume asked why we must conclude that the universe has to have a beginning. He said: How can anything that exists from eternity have a cause, since that relation implies a priority in time, and in a beginning of existence. He went on to say that even if the universe did begin, it does not mean that anything specifically caused it to become. He argued that to make an analogy between the universe and the works of humankind is highly dangerous to the theist since it leads to anthropomorphism. Gods qualities are identified so closely with those of humankind in order to make the analogy work that it removes the divine distinctiveness thatShow MoreRelatedThe Argument Of Creation Vs. Evolution2468 Words   |  10 PagesThe argument of Creation vs. Evolution has been debated for quite sometime. Since Darwin’s theory of Evolution by Natural Selection was published, some of those that thought the world and its inhabitants was made by a creator now began to think differently. Evolution began to make sense, there was evidence of certain types of species evolving (as in the finches in the galapogos islands as observed by Darwin) however, with creationism there was no evidence, it was all based on faith. Although Darwin’sRead Morehistory of philosophy5031 Words   |  21 Pagescities of western Asia Minor (Ionia) with  Thales  of  Miletus, who was active around 585 B.C. and left us the opaque dictum, all is water. His most noted students were  Anaximenes of Miletus  (all is air) and  Anaximander  (all is  apeiron). Other thinkers and schools appeared throughout Greece over the next few centuries. Among the most important were  Heraclitus  (all is fire, all is chaotic and transitory),  Anaxagoras  (reality is so ordered that it must be in all respects governed by mind), the  Pluralists  and  Atomists  (theRead MoreSwami Vivekananda14669 Words   |  59 Pagesalways been in Narendras nature to test something thoroughly before he could accept it. He tested Ramakrishna to the maximum, but the master was patient, forgiving, humorous and full of love. He never asked Narendra to abandon reason, and he faced all of Narendras arguments and examinations with infinite patience. In time, Narendra accepted Ramakrishna, and while he accepted, his acceptance was whole-hearted. While Ramakrishna predominantly taught duality and Bhakti to his other disciples, he taughtRead MoreImpact of Science on Society38421 Words   |  154 Pagessomething today, that means it must by definition already be obsolete.† Our general relationship with the present accelerating rate of change reminds me of the postcard from the patient on holiday to his psychiatrist at home: â€Å"Having a wonderful time. Why?† The difficulty in recognizing change even when you fall into it, and the consequent off-the-cuff variety of forecasting that prevails, is, like most things (as I’ve just said), a matter of context. If you’re looking to assess the future performanceRead MoreImpact of Science on Society38427 Words   |  154 Pagessomething today, that means it must by definition already be obsolete.† Our general relationship with the present accelerating rate of change reminds me of the postcard from the patient on holiday to his psychiatrist at home: â€Å"Having a wonderful time. Why?† The difficulty in recognizing change even when you fall into it, and the consequent off-the-cuff variety of forecasting that prevails, is, like most things (as I’ve just said), a matter of context. If you’re looking to assess the future performance

The American Industial Revolution Period Free Essays

The growth in large-scale industry and labor unions in the second half of the nineteenth century can be explained in many ways. Unlike earlier in the century, now there were broad markets, fast expansion in good economic times, thus causing a rise in demand for more goods. Additionally, new inventions with development in big business caused large scale industrialization to become possible. We will write a custom essay sample on The American Industial Revolution Period or any similar topic only for you Order Now Lastly, companies† ability to employ mass numbers of people to work in their factories for cheap further encouraged industries† growth. With companies hiring people to do hard work for cheap, labor unions form. Generally, as industries grew and grew the working conditions for the workers got worse and worse, encouraging an increase and growth of labor unions. America was a growing country. The expansion west needed industrial recourses. The railroad itself encouraged the industries of steel, coal, wood, glass and rubber. The expansion west was not the only thing that encouraged the growth of industry, good economic times and a rise in population fueled the growth of industry. People would want more â€Å"stuff† and houses would need to be built as well as highrise buildings in urban centers to accommodate the density of people in the cities. All these factors caused a rise in demand for industrial goods in a large market. There is more reason, though, that large-scale industries were growing. New inventions helped a great deal in making the large-scale manufacturing of industrial goods possible. The Bessemer process, for example, helped the manufacturing of steel in the steel industry, made it possible to produce large quantities of steel in a relatively short period of time. The invention of electric power by Thomas Edison allowed factory machinery to be run by electricity, cutting the cost of employing people to run the machinery while increasing the productivity of the machines. Always increasing productivity, these inventions and others like it were essential to progression of big industry. these were harnessed and effectively put into use by big businesses. Big businesses were the economic powers behind the growth of their industries. With corporations, unlike earlier, businesses could outlive their founders so that they could be allowed to thrive without having to worry and the death of the founder because with shares in the stock market, people could own parts of the company, there was never one person who was the sole owner. Additionally, in the late nineteenth century, there weren†t regulations which allowed the businesses to grow in ways which it wouldn†t be allowed to grow today. Often times, vertical integration allowed several types of industries to be grouped under one big company thus securing their operation. All these things helped the businesses prosper. Since the big businesses were behind the large-scale industries, the industries prospered too. Essential to the growth of large scale industry are the workers. Between 1870 and 1890, 8 million immigrants came to America for a better life, they ended up working in factories. Unlike the native workers, the immigrants were willing to work for cheap. This let the industry cut the cost of employing workers, in fact, many industries went to European sources to find workers for more cheap labor. The native Americans who, generally, were driven from the countryside got the higher paying supervisory jobs in the industries. So this â€Å"pool† of labor further allowed the large scale industries to grow more. The working conditions in these industries were horrible. Cutting costs in an industry was a big deal. Unfortunately, most of the time, cutting costs meant long hours for the workers, lower wages and requirements on the amount of work you do in a day which was usually too much. Because of these bad conditions labor unions were formed to protest against them, but mostly to force the companies to higher wages, lower hours or better working conditions. Since workers were essential to the operation of the industries, the labor unions often organized strikes to demand change in wage, hours etc†¦ In 1877 when wages for the workers in the Baltimore and Ohio railroad were cut by 20% there was the first nationwide strike that set the path for an era of confrontation between labor unions and management. Often, federal troops and state militia intervened because the strikes got violent and the movement collapsed but sometimes strikes were successful. The industrial revolution between 1865 and 1900 set a period of economic growth. The success of this industrial growth was due to a combination of contributing factors. A rise in demand for industrial goods along with growth in big business were the essential things in causing the growth of large-scale industry. Additionally new inventions that helped the manufacturing of these goods and cheap labor encouraged further this growth. In the big picture, this industrialization of the country fueled the growth of it in area, in population and finally, in economy. How to cite The American Industial Revolution Period, Essay examples

Data Mining and Decision-Making in Business-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Briefly summarise why Data Mining is used in Business. 2.Identify the major security, privacy and ethical implications in Data Mining. Answers: 1.Data mining in business Importance of data mining Data mining is a process of accessing some confidential and hidden data with the help of software. Data mining helps organizations on taking crucial decisions. Data mining is needed for retrieving information from the piles of database, which will be used for analytical purpose. This process is undertaken by leading corporate houses to identify and gain profitability and competitive advantages (Tan, Steinbach Kumar, 2013). Data-mining in business Data mining can be a considerable help in business as it is used to discover various data, their types and relationship between various data accessed from a wide database. This helps in successful decision-making. It further benefits in developing effective marketing campaigns, which have a considerable impact on business (Shmueli Lichtendahl Jr, 2017). Benefits of using Data-mining 1) Data mining used to identify fraudulent transactions. 2) Data mining benefits in developing accurate risk models that in turn helps in successful decision-making. 3) Data mining helps in improving the quality and safety of the product by evaluating the customers feedback. 4) Data mining is undertaken for improving the conversions, which in turn increases the customer satisfaction. This is done by analyzing the past sales and customers feedback. 2.Introduction Data mining is a process of gathering, using and sharing information by accessing a huge set of databases. Data mining is becoming increasingly popular as it is undertaken by different organizations for effective decision-making. This is popular primarily because of the techniques used in application of data mining. Examples of such techniques discussed in this article are knowledge discovery, neural networks and case based reasoning. Data mining and Decision-making in business Gaining knowledge about the customers or the market helps the organization in strategic planning and effective decision- making. It is a process of gathering, analyzing and storing information on basic of the customers demands and capture market. This whole process is a result of data mining and hence it holds utmost importance in decision making in business. There are different techniques of data mining such as statistics, artificial intelligence and machine learning. Furthermore, there are many facets of data mining as well, the most important one being the web mining. Web mining considerably helps in building a proper and effective business strategy by reaching the target customers. Data mining also helps in depicting the market demand and customer behavior. Information about customers behavior helps in producing more innovative product and services customized according to the customers demand. Thus, data mining helps in effective decision making in business. Conclusion Therefore, it can be concluded that data mining is an integral part of todays business world as effectively helps in strategic planning and proper decision-making. Data mining makes use of the companys intellectual assets in establishing new objectives thereby improving the techniques used in business and increasing the profits of the organization as well. In this competitive world, data mining proves to be an important tool for gaining a competitive advantage in the market. Bibliography Tan, P. N., Steinbach, M., Kumar, V. (2013). Data mining cluster analysis: basic concepts and algorithms.Introduction to data mining. Shmueli, G., Lichtendahl Jr, K. C. (2017).Data Mining for Business Analytics: Concepts, Techniques, and Applications in R. John Wiley Sons. A Research Study: Using Data Mining in Knowledge Base Business Strategies. (2017).Scialert.net. Retrieved 8 August 2017, from https://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=itj.2006.590.600 Rokach, L., Maimon, O. (2014).Data mining with decision trees: theory and applications. World scientific.